i
Over weekend days
April 8 and April 9
1916, poster proclamations
had been
Posted across the
metropolis - to state
In stark black
and white, this was
The last call for
single men.
A last call was for
all single men, both
Attested and
unattested - these
Unmarried men of
age 18 were
Required to bring
themselves
Forward, to start
training.
Young men would
begin training for
Home service, until gaining the age
Of 19 - under Military
Service Act,
And the number one
class
Group of Derby Scheme.
Military Service
Act and Derby
Scheme of the
metropolis
Posters, applied
to those
Under 19 - for
men born
Prior to August
1897.
ii
Traditions of the
British Army
Had seen
recruitment of forces
On basis of
voluntary men -
This small force
of 400,000
Had 200,000
acting in roles
Abroad as
British Empire Garrison.
These soldiers’
numbers were
Smaller than
those on Europe’s
Soil in France
and Germany.
By hostile
outbreaks, the call
Came for British
men to join
The colours in
protection of Belgium.
The first British
army had need
Of a second army
- in the needs
Of oranisation to
boost boots
On the ground - a
hero of Sudan
And South African
campaigns,
Saw appointment
of Lord Kitchener.
Despite a whimper
of a start, late
August into early
September 1914,
Saw a surge not
seen before,
Prompted by
Parliamentary
Recruitment
Committee - helped
By floods of
posters, leaflets and rallies.
Pressure of
images by leading
Design artists
made appeal to duty -
To risk those
others ignoring
The call, as
cowards or shirkers;
Parallel powers were given
To the committees of municipal officials.
iii
Looking to the country's
Northern
Counties, was an
Idea by General
Rawlinson, who made
appeal
To sense of
standing to fight
Alongside
close-knit friends -
In order to
appeal to men to enlist.
A request by the
General was
To the London
Stockbrokers, to be
Leading example -
workers from
City of London,
which numbered
1600 by August's end - to form
The Stockbrokers Battalion of Fusiliers.
Then the Earl of
Derby, within short
Days, called to
Liverpool for men -
His words being
for a battalion
Of pals - friends,
to fight shoulder
To shoulder -
within days three
Battalions were
raised of Liverpudlians.
Taking on from
this Kitchener
Promoted the idea
nationwide -
In the actions of
a runaway train,
British towns
began to listen
To reactions of
business and
Industries, as
men en-mass walked.
With shared
destinations, such
Numbers cued at all
recruitment
Stations - one
particular town
In the borough of
Lancashire
Saw the Mayor of
Accrington,
Prompted by Lord
Kitchener's call.
Captain John
Harwood, Lord
Mayor had made an offer to raise
A local half
battalion - within
Six days, a full
contingent was
Formed into
Accrington Pals -
With a Lancashire
snowball effect.
Chorley, Blackburn
and Burnley
Also formed their
company of Pals;
The men of
Accrington first saw
Action, 1916 at
Suez Canal, where
The ship just
missed a torpedo
Hit; there to
fight the Ottoman Empire.
The process that
began small
Had by September days of 1914, seen
Fifty towns make
formations
Of Pals
Battalions - within the
Rallying shouts,
relatives, sons
And fathers,
brothers, cousins joined.
Colleagues and
friends became
Uniformed in
khaki drill - elsewhere in
The world of
sports, saw famous
Names enlist - A sportsman’s
unit
Of East Grinstead, added a boxing
Champion, along
with two cricketers.
iV
Two football
Battalions with official
Names of 17th
Service Battalion,
Middlesex Regiment joined up -
Alongside pals of
Bradford, Leeds,
Birmingham, Glasgow,
Edinburgh
Manchester,
Newcastle and Salford men.
Sheffield,
Tyneside, Swansea - Pals
Of Carmarthen and
Cardiff to include
The Lonsdales, the
Durhams and
The Scottish contingents
- unofficial
Names as 'Boozy
First' or 'Glasgow
Featherbeds'; after a storm hit their tents.
Not confined to
those of work, were
Still another
Middlesex regiment to form
Public
Schools Battalion - youth eager
To join as
privates with their mates -
Yet the unit was used
as a resource for
For officer
shortage, to become depleted.
While an eager
overdrive to answer
Cry, for British
second army, after six
Months of war,
matters altered -
With wearing thin
of patriotism -
April 1915, saw
new tactics, to give
Monetary rewards
for soldiers to recruit.
The unique
pals battalion formed,
All was set to train men
in camps across
The country - within the first months,
The power of
voluntary men's steps
Waned; by the
spring of 1915, with
No wars end in
sight, more were needed.
Following that winter
surge, 100,000
A month, men were
still enlisting - now
To include those aged 38 to 40 years -
Volunteers had
their day; July 1915
Came in National
Act of Registration
To record men 15
to 65 working in trades.
V
With this census
those in age range
Given, had to
register all their details,
To include work -
out of five million 1.6
Were in protected
work, With Lord
Derby appointed a
recruiting Director
General; in 5
days came Derby Scheme.
The Group Scheme began
a path
Leading transition
from voluntary
To establish compulsory
enlistment -
As is governments
methods, this
Was to be done
gradually over time,
For a public to
adapt to unpopular ways.
These men 18 to
40 were advised
They could still
volunteer, or attest
Their taken details
- to oblige them
To join army on a
future date as Class
A - to wear an armband
as a volunteer
Sealed by a days
army pay, as reserves.
If a 'registee'
agreed to join then
And there, to be classified as Class B -
Additional
divisions were based on
Age, and further
depended if they
Were married or
single - the census
Had shown that 5
million of military age.
The unpopular
belief of conscription,
Prompted both
single and unmarried men
Not in starred
areas - those avoiding
Call up, only
acted to quicken pace
To complete
conscription - January
1916, found groups
2 to 5 called to report.
The following
month of February
Called on groups
6 to 13 - in order
To appear fair, a
parallel scheme
Of tribunals were
set up by councils,
To consider
exemption applications
Against
conscription, as issued in papers.
Vi
A black and white
poster campaign
Was reported
across the media,
For Last Single
Men aged 18 -
To make selves
available
For training, as
under
Military Service
Act.
by Jamie Mann.
Anon.,1916.
Last Single Men. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 10 April 1916. P.9. Col.5. Available at:
<http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12208618/Daily-Telegraph-April-10-1916.html> [Accessed: 12 April 2016].
Source: File: Voluntary
recruiting in Britain, 1914-1915 by Peter Simkins. Online. Available at:
<http://www.bl.uk/world-war-one/articles/voluntary-recruiting> Accessed
12 April 2016
Source: File: The
Long, Long Trail: The Group Scheme. Online. Available at: <http://www.1914-1918.net/derbyscheme.html>
Accessed 12 April 2016
Source: File:
Military Service Tribunals, Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Online. Available
at: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Service_Tribunals> Accessed
12 April 2016
Source: File:
Recruitment to the British Army during the First World War, Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia. Online. Available at:
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recruitment_to_the_British_Army_during_the_First_World_War>
Accessed 12 April 2016
Mann, J., 2016.
100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 12 April
2016).
#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary
#worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1PalsBattalions
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