Showing posts with label Wounded. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Wounded. Show all posts

Wednesday, 26 April 2017

Poem ~ Canadian Soldiers: Fyall And Sivertz - Thursday, 26 April 1917 - Monday, 30 April 1917

 Source: File: Still from Vimy Ridge Canadian Operations April 9 1917. Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0twujK2ObA> [Accessed 21 April 2017]

Vimy Ridge = [Vimy Ridge : Canadian Operations April 9, 1917] (1917)

i
Men of A Company 9th Reserve, followed
Orders to withdraw
To supports - Among them Private A. Fyall.
The young Canadians
Watched offensive unfold to boldly stand
Atop, as the German line was
Swept from one end across to the other.

At some other point one fellow Canadian
Corporal Gus Sivertz was
In the process of synchronizing watches.
Far from his civilian days
As optometrist, the 22 year old looked
Forwards at shells effects;
Men flew as if imbued with super powers.

Like Private Fyall, Corporal Sivertz saw
Earthly elements thrown
Two hundred feet high in the air - blending
With a wall of fire - chalky
Earth and silhouettes of flying Fritzies.
In all directions - dugout
Timbers making some airborn mockery.

The sheer shrill, crackling, blasting air
Made men of 8th Brigade
2nd Canadian Mounted rifles cringe in
Unison, as a barrage came
Down - Corporal Sivertz curled his body
As an embryo - buttocks
Clenched hard in to avoid any bullet hits.

Instinct to cover the ears made little
Difference - it was as if
They were held inside a huge clanking
Machine - they did not
Dare to lift their heads, knowing how
An angled barrage
Would lie flat over them, at any moment.

After three slow minutes it lifted again,
Like a crane from hell -
The process was fascinating, with
Complete perfection
Like a ticking clock. Sivertz held back
Temptation to raise his
Finger to feel the solid ceiling of sound.

ii
A mad macabre dance filled what
Little thought Sivertz
Could entertain, when a sudden gap
Opened, a hundred yards
Ahead - the feeling of a queer empty
Stomach gone, along
With any fear and they were all away.

Dawn was ripped savagely apart  -
Almost immediately
Wire caught his feet and he splayed
Forwards, clumsily
To coincide with a shell, dumping its
Angled nose into mud
To burst - clumps of chalk exploded.

Barely a yard away, Sivertz's head
Was pushed down
Into shoulders as chalk clattered
On his helmet - I'm dead,
He thought - only to realise he lived,
With sore ears to find
That he was in isolation on battlefield.

Filth caked his front to give Sivertz
Appearance of a man
Of mud - then a sudden, weird gutting
Envelopment of loneliness.
He wanted to shout out, 'here I am!'
To feel human contact
From someone, anyone - he stumbled.

Fighting to keep his balance Sivertz
Took a step forward
Then another - he saw another man,
Lieutenant Christie
Whose toy shape tipped forward, flat,
Shot dead - alone again.
All Hun guns seemed to aim at him.

Others - instinct made him run to try
And catch up with them.
Stench of spent explosives fought
His senses - any kind
Of knowing gone as he reached
The German trenches.
From naked openness came relief.

iii
It was actually sleeting but the fall
Was being made heavy
From activity of shelling - Corporal
Sivertz dropped into
Cover, the counter barrage being
Lukewarm, compared
To the fierce allied bombardment.

Sivertz found very little to shoot
At - lifting from
Curved earth against a backlight
Of flames, 'Heinies'
Appeared - hands of surrender held
High - amid great din
A man beside him turned to speak.

Stranger’s lips were tight up against
His ear, so that he
Could almost feel the man's tongue.
With a smile he wanted
To say, 'it's going fine.' Any sentence
Was left incomplete without
A sound he pitched dead on his face.

Any distance was obscured, dimmed
By sleet to hide flanks.
Corporal Sivertz, by some instinct,
Detected trouble across
At Thelus trench, with 28th Battalion.
Their own trench
Objective situation loomed close.

The heavily defended Zwische
Stellung trench
Marked out the German second
Line - described
By an understated expression -
To prove 'warmer' -
The 8th brigade then swarmed.

Their sheer, determined numbers
Saw a sweeping action,
To gain scores of prisoners, to include
Regimental commander,
Who fumed - his Belgian relief funded
Breakfast had been
Halted by his being taken prisoner.

iV
Amusement rippled through caught
Hun privates, who
Observed how their commander's
Breakfast of bacon,
Eggs, cereal, toast, coffee, cream
And butter, was rapidly
Consumed by Canadian Al Swanby.

The taken Zwische Stellung trench
Became inverted into
Purpose for Canadian defences,
Until halted by a steel
Plated German pillbox, to harbour
A machine gun - on the
Right, Corporal Sivertz had idea.

The pillbox's slot gave a limited
Machine gun
Arc of firing - Corporal Sivertz
Set out to provide
The enemy gun crew, with a mill's
Bomb; with this
Intent he edged forward in cover.

With his finger on the pin Sivertz
Glanced up too
Soon, when a bullet cut him down.
He lay knocked
Out cold, unaware of the continued
Events - after some
Time Corporal Sivertz's eyes opened.

For how long he lay, he did not know
But rain had stopped 
And the pace of fight had moved
On - gunnery still
Hounded the old front line - getting
To his feet Sivertz
Stumbled his way back to the line.

Sivertz joined one line of wounded
Men, sat in a medical
Trench - likely weary from being
Knocked out and
The bullet wound - the absurdity
Of sitting there as
Though in a civvy Dr's waiting room.

V
Every so often a medical sergeant
Appeared to choose
Cases of any haemorrhages and led
Them into the dugout.
Though at the end of the line Sivertz
Was taken towards
The stairs, when sudden roar screamed.

A sound, like a freight train curving from
The sky; a  'bloody 5.9.'
They both ducked into cover, just in time
When they emerged
All that was left of the six wounded men
Were ripped body
Parts - the two of them were very lucky.

The medics all pale and exhausted,
Quickly looked to Sivertz.
They awarded Corporal Sivertz a ticket;
'On your way chum.'
Corporal Sivertz was then to head off
To Wimereux - when
That night Private Fyall had gone forth.

Canadian Fyall had been in action
Since 4 a.m. artillery
Like a immense single gun had been
Blasting over 18 mile
Front. with the lift, they pelted like wild
Cats after prey, who
Dropped all equipment to make escape.

Objectives of three lines were achieved
One after the other.
By ninety minutes Canadians gained third
Line, with multiple
Prisoners started to be captured - moral
Was boosted, despite
Grim conditions of slime blood and mud.

Private Fyall had luckily managed
To deflect a bullet,
Twice - then some chap bandaged
Him, while a tot
Of rum revived him; given a mission
By the Captain,
Fyall was to convey a report for HQ.

Vi
A great band of enemy ground had
Been gained,
Across which he made his way  
Over wrecked
Earth; his compass being a German
Barrage, which
Targeted the old allied front line.

A mile marked out the very distance
Taken - Fyall paused,
To come to a trench that had been hard
Fought over - there
Heaped mother's sons lay dead, eyes
Glazed - Finding
A Hun haversack Fyall openly cried.

The German soldier's wife had sent
Her love a small
Parcel of sugar and butter - but any
Brief sentiment
Suddenly passed as he kept the
Dead man's pipe
And cap - another Hun lay close by.

The large man made him a gesture
Requesting Fyall
To shoot him in the head; he refused.
British did not
Kill the wounded - instead Private Fyall
Carefully placed
A haversack under his head for comfort.

Fyall decided time was to move on
And leave that
Trench - out into the April landscape -
Countless, bitter
Carnage lay smouldering from shells
That had turned
A pockmarked earth into wasteland.

A pulverised French spring had been
Made turgid grey
And within movement of figures; shapes
Of humans that
Tried to pull up their broken selves limb
By limb - Fyall moved
Amid them - their hands reached out.

Vii
Canadians that called out to him
For stretcher bearers -
Other called out to him for water;
There were too many -
Fyall ran weaving among them, heading
Into the enemy
Barrage- he slipped through red craters.

Holes overflowed with bitter water,
Stained deep red
From blood - somehow Fyall dodged
Through the barrage
Curtain, desperate to find company
Headquarters
Unable to find any sign - all totally gone.

Fyall's mission neared completion,
On reaching brigade
HQ - he was shown down to General
Lomas who read
The Company captains report, to
Praise what could
Only be victory - was Fyall hungry?

Shown to the kitchen, Fyall was given
Soup and bread,
But he was sick - having constantly
Been at front over
Two days - before managing to pull
On his mask, he had
Gasped, to inhale a lungful of gas.

Directed to a dressing station Fyall
Watched German
Prisoners carry wounded Canadians.
From somewhere
A shell burst over his head - Fyall's
Felt himself slipping
And 'going' to wake with bleary view.

Some vague orderly told another,
This one was dead -
Fyall could not speak - fingers lifted
His eyelids. A Doctor
Spoke; 'the fellow is fine. Shell shocked
And gassed. take the blanket
Off his face…snow will bring him round.'

by Jamie Mann.

Source: File: A first hand account of Vimy Ridge by Craig Baird, High River Times. Available at: <http://www.highrivertimes.com/2012/04/10/a-first-hand-account-of-vimy-ridge> [Accessed xx April 2017]

Source: File: A Candian at Vimy. Page 2076 History Of The First World War Volum 5. Published by Purnell for BPC publishing Ltc London. [Accessed 21 April 2017]

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 21 April 2017). 


#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1Arras

Friday, 24 March 2017

Poem ~ War Surgery - Saturday, 24 March 1917


Source: File: Wounded undergoing operations WWI. See an original image at: <http://history-help.wikia.com/wiki/File:Ww1_hospital.jpg> [Accessed 24 March 2017]

Amid progressive developments
Created by situation of the war,
Were attempts by medicine 
In order to treat severe wounds.

A son of the MP James O'Grady,
Trade unionist of Labour Party,
Was given cutting edge surgery,
Badly injured some months prior.

Severity mean that an arm had
To be amputated - the surgeon 
Did not leave it there, to cut
Part of the bone from the arm.

Doing this he made the attempt
To save the fellow's limb - an
Operation followed to reattach
Arm once more to the shoulder.

Severed tendons were sewn
Back together - this worked,
So the O'Grady soldier was
Able to lift a cup and drink tea.

The discernible difference was
To be that, the arm compared
To the other arm, was shorter;
The bone removed 2 1/2 inches.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1917. A Surgical Marvel. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 8 March 1917. P.6. Col.4. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12214364/Daily-Telegraph-March-8-1917.html> [Accessed: 24 March 2017].

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 24 March 2017). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1medicene

Saturday, 28 January 2017

Poem ~ Captain John Armstrong: Z Company - Sunday, 28 January 1917


Source: File: Northumberland Fusiliers Cap Badge. See an original image at: <http://www.centenarynews.com/article?id=3291> [Accessed 28 January 2017]

Amid the columned lists of casualties,
Four officers died from their wounds;
Lieutenant Allan Annand, Lieutenants'
Alfred Norman Headley, Hugh Godfrey
Godfrey De Lisle Bush and Captain
John Armstrong joined the roll of honour.

North east of England, on the banks 
Of River Wansbeck, lay the market
Town of Morpeth - 4 Alexander Road,
Home of one Morpethian family; two
Brothers John and Edwin being sons of
Councilor Isaac and Rachel Armstrong. 

John Armstrong had schooled locally
At Morpeth Grammer, then Armstrong
College - after second-class honours
He gained teachers certificate in 1913 -
John was a sportsman in the cricket
XI along with the school football team.

After 1913's failure for the Creighton
Challenge Cup, he won this by 1914 -
A young man readied for war, already
A colour sergeant in school cadets -
Also to be in Morpeth Boys Brigade -
In rank of Lieutenant when war broke.

At Armstrong college John Armstrong,
From Officer training Corps applied
For commission, by December 1914 to be
With Northumberland Fusiliers - praised
By head of grammar school as athlete,
Mentally able for the power of leadership.

In 1915 a posting took John to Gallipoli -
With the following year, July 1916 saw
Him in France and promotion came within
Seven months, by October to Captain -
Active fighting into winter months saw this
Officer wounded on 10 January 1917.

Edwin Armstrong, John's younger
Brother had been in Grenadier Guards
Since 1915 – Also wounded Edwin
Was then in hospital, at the time when
His brother John succumbed and
Died within 6 days, from his wounds.

From the war office a wire home told
Parents, who read the army's regret,
To say Captain J. N. Armstrong had
Been wounded, on 10 January 1917
With Z Company - 16 January, army 
Council sent sympathy for their loss.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1917. Roll of Honour. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 26 January 1917. P.4. Col.4. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12214129/Daily-Telegraph-January-23-1917.html> [Accessed: 26 January 2017].

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 26 January 2017). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1Officers

Monday, 23 January 2017

Poem ~ Hassler: Captain And Author - Tuesday, 23 January 1917- Thursday, 25 January 1917


Source: File: Joseph Hassler when promoted to General. See an original image at: <http://www.museedusousofficier.fr/musee/Histoire/ecoles/ecole/2/command_3.htm> [Accessed 23 January 2017]

An online version of the manual, 'The Weapon in the Great War - Simplified Bayonet Method' - 1915 by Joseph Hassler and Emile André can be viewed at:
https://www.dropbox.com/sh/alrmqf5v3pa0dnh/AAB7NU5DJxk3OIqi5K5_epVAa?dl=0

French soldier Captain Joseph Hassler, 
With injuries to count five times, had
Possibly spent part of his recovery
In completing a book for other soldiers.

On returning to the frontline with his
Head still bandaged, was published
'Ma Campagne, Aout 1914 - Decembre
1915'; telling what he had experienced.

Hassler had begun an army career
Years before at the end of the prior
Century - 1899 had seen the 18 year
Old volunteer at the Bethune army office.

Initially in the 19th infantry regiment,
Based in Brest - some five years later
1905, in the month of April, Hassler was
At the military school At Saint-Maixent.

April 1906 Hassler was 2nd lieutenant,
With 13th Regiment based at Nevers -
By April 1908 promoted to Lieutenant,
He became an instructor at Joinville.

While at the Gymnastics and Fencing
School in 1913, Lieutenant Hassler
Joined in the defence of France from
The opening days of August 1914.

During those first weeks of the war
Hassler sustained five different
Injuries; he decided to chronicle first
Sixteen months of his experiences.

Promotion came once again; to become
Captain 22 January 1915, followed by
Award of Military Cross and several
Clasps - unaffected he wrote in honesty.

In an address to a friend and poet,
Ernest Jaubert, he told a hasty truth
How he had been trepanned - where
An operation had burred in his head.

By use of a surgical instrument,
A trephine, surgeons removed
Metal fragments - bits of helmet
And shell, driven into his skull.

With recovery Hassler told how they
Checked him over - healing from
The fifth wound, Hassler felt only
A little giddy to surprise surgeons.

Shock, not just for the Doctors in his
Constitution, but to see resemblance
To a calf’s head - Hassler stared
Hard into a mirror at his bald plate.

Hassler informed Jaubert how just 
A little parsley in nostrils and ears,
Would make him fit him for a perfect
Display, in any butcher's window.

Stating regret for the appearance
Hassler added, despite his other
Unseen wounds, that a shape of a
Red tomato was a result of the cut.

Likely a permanent reminder of his
Being wounded - though a seasoned
Soldier, Hassler revealed a hint
Of sensitivity by honest descriptions.

Captain Hassler had seen to the
Men first - that they were all safe 
In a prepared trench - only afterwards 
A dug out was then created for him.

In the men's digging of the ground,
Many dead Boche were unearthed -
In darkness these were shadowed -
Yet tired, he fell asleep and snored.

But the dark abated and in waking
Eyes he witnessed light of horror -
Body parts made the inside walls;
Dead feet, dead hands and arms.

He ducked beneath them into day
Light - two lifeless heads faced him;
Germans - one freshly severed that
Stared at him with a look of terror.

A non-breathing mouth had opened
Wide, unseeing eyes stared hard,
Frozen in a decayed occupation -
The sight by moonlight held terrors.

Hassler wished how he could blot
Out again and again, the four days
And four nights that he lived amid
The stench of their dead company.

Yet Captain Hassler's sensitivity
Survived - to be respected by many
Men - later a corporal brought him
News of a fatally wounded man.

With injuries so severe he found
Him dying - Hassler greeted the
Trooper almost casually, to know
He was dying; both of them knew.

The soldier confirmed this aloud,
To show his stomach, shattered
By a shell and asked to be able
To say something to the Captain.

Hassler though advised that only
Once he was safe in ambulance,
Should he then consider a remote
Idea of dying - but the man insisted.

He knew he was close to death
And asked the Captain a favour -
A large tear fell over his cheek,
On asking him to write home.

To tell his last thoughts were with
His wife and children, with whom
Love was deeply shared; 'Mon
Capitaine could I kiss your cheek.'

The dying man's request was to
Say the kiss was for them. Hassler
Held him close until the end, to lay
Him back against the trench wall.

Captain Joseph Hassler admitted 
How such events rip out the heart -
That he could not think of what
Befell such men without crying.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1917. Fragments From The Trenches - A Soldiers Book. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 6 January 1917. P.7. Col.4. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12214077/Daily-Telegraph-January-9-1917.html> [Accessed: 22 January 2017].

Source: File: Joseph Hassler. Wiki Pas-De-Calais. Available at: <https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://www.wikipasdecalais.fr/index.php%3Ftitle%3DJoseph_Hassler&prev=search
Joseph Hassler> [Accessed 22 January 2017]

Source: File: Romani During World War I. Wikipedia. Available at: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania_during_World_War_I#1917_campaign_and_armistice> [Accessed 22 January 2017]

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 22 January 2017). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1Officers

Poem ~ Hassler: Capitaine Et Auteur - Mardi 23 Janvier 1917- Jeudi 25 Janvier 1917

Source: Fichier: Joseph Hassler lorsqu'il est promu Général. Voir une image originale sur: <http://www.museedusousofficier.fr/musee/Histoire/ecoles/ecole/2/command_3.htm> [Consulté le 23 janvier 2017]

Une version en ligne du manuel «L'arme dans la grande guerre - méthode simplifiée de la baïonnette» - 1915 de Joseph Hassler et Emile André peut être consultée à l'adresse suivante:
Https://www.dropbox.com/sh/alrmqf5v3pa0dnh/AAB7NU5DJxk3OIqi5K5_epVAa?dl=0

Le soldat français Capitaine Joseph Hassler,
Avec des blessures à compter cinq fois,
Possiblement passé une partie de sa récupération
En complétant un livre pour d'autres soldats.

En revenant à la ligne de front avec son
Head encore bandé, a été publié
'Ma Campagne, Aout 1914 - Decembre
1915 '; Disant ce qu'il avait vécu.

Hassler avait commencé une carrière militaire
Des années avant à la fin de la période
Siècle - 1899 avait vu les 18 ans ancien
Bénévole au bureau de l'armée de Bethune.

Initialement dans le 19ème régiment d'infanterie,
Basé à Brest - environ cinq ans plus tard
En 1905, au mois d'avril, Hassler était
A l'école militaire de Saint-Maixent.

Avril 1906 Hassler était 2e lieutenant,
Avec le 13e régiment basé à Nevers -
En avril 1908 promu au lieutenant,
Il est devenu instructeur à Joinville.

Lors de la gymnastique et de l'escrime
École en 1913, lieutenant Hassler
Rejoint dans la défense de la France
Les jours d'ouverture d'août 1914.

Pendant ces premières semaines
De la guerre Hassler a soutenu cinq
Traumatismes; Il a décidé de chroniquez
D'abord seize mois de ses expériences.

La promotion est venue encore une fois;
Devenir capitaine 22 janvier 1915, suivi de
Prix ​​de la Croix militaire et plusieurs
Fermoirs - non affecté, il a écrit en honnêteté.

Dans une allocution à un ami et poète,
Ernest Jaubert, il a dit une vérité hâtive
Comment il avait été trépané - où
Une opération s'était creusée dans sa tête.

En utilisant un instrument chirurgical,
A trephine, chirurgiens enlevés
Fragments de métal - morceaux de casque
Et la coquille, enfoncée dans son crâne.

Avec la récupération, Hassler a vérifié
Le sur-guérison de la cinquième blessure,
Hassler ne se sentait un peu étourdi
Pour surprendre les chirurgiens.

Choc, pas seulement pour les médecins dans son
Constitution, mais pour voir la ressemblance
À la tête d'un veau - Hassler regarda
Dur dans un miroir à sa calvitie.

Hassler a informé Jaubert comment un peu
De persil dans les narines et les oreilles,
Ferait lui lui adapter pour un parfait afficher,
Dans n'importe quelle fenêtre de boucherie.

Déclaration de regret pour l'apparence
Hassler a ajouté, malgré son autre
Des blessures invisibles, que la forme d'un
La tomate rouge est le résultat de la coupe.

Probablement un rappel permanent de son
Être blessé - bien que chevronné
Soldat, Hassler a révélé un soupçon
De sensibilité par des descriptions honnêtes.

Le capitaine Hassler avait les hommes
D'abord - qu'ils étaient tous en sécurité
Dans une tranchée préparée - seulement
Après un creusé a alors été créé pour lui.

Dans les hommes qui creusent le sol,
Beaucoup de Boche morts ont été
Déterrés - dans l'obscurité, pourtant
Fatigué, il s'endormit et ronfla.

Mais l'obscurité atténuée et au réveil
Yeux il a vu la lumière de l'horreur -
Les parties du corps ont fait les murs
Intérieurs; pieds morts, mains et bras morts.

Il a plongé sous eux dans le jour
Lumière - deux têtes sans vie face à lui;
Allemands - un fraîchement coupé qui
Il le regarda avec un air de terreur.

Une bouche non respiratoire avait ouvert
Des yeux écarquillés, frozen dans une
Ooccupation délabrée - la vue au clair
De lune contenait des terreurs.

Hassler souhaitait comment il pourrait blot
Une fois de plus, les quatre jours
Et quatre nuits qu'il a vécu au milieu
La puanteur de leur compagnie morte.

Pourtant, la sensibilité du capitaine Hassler
Survivé - être respecté par beaucoup
Les hommes - plus tard un caporal l'a amené
Nouvelles d'un homme mortellement blessé.

Avec des blessures si sévères, il a trouvé
Lui mourant - Hassler a salué la
Trooper presque casuellement, pour savoir
Il était mourant; Tous les deux savaient.

Le soldat le confirma à haute voix,
Pour montrer son estomac, brisé
Par un obus et a demandé à pouvoir
Pour dire quelque chose au capitaine.

Hassler a toutefois une fois qu'il était
En sécurité en ambulance, devrait-il
Alors envisager une idée de mourir -
Mais l'homme a insisté.

Il savait qu'il était proche de la mort
Et a demandé au capitaine une faveur -
Une grande larme tomba sur sa joue,
En lui demandant d'écrire à la maison.

Pour dire ses dernières pensées ont été
Avec sa femme et ses enfants, avec qui
L'amour était profondément partagé; 'Lun
Capitaine, je pourrais embrasser ta joue.

La demande du mourant était de
Dis que le baiser était pour eux. Hassler
Il l'a tenu près jusqu'à la fin, pour
Lui contre le mur de la tranchée.

Capitaine Joseph Hassler admis
Comment ces événements arracher
Le cœur - qu'il ne pouvait pas penser
A quoi befell ces hommes sans pleurer.

Par Jamie Mann.

Anon., 1917. Fragments des tranchées - Un livre des soldats. The Daily Telegraph, [en ligne] le 9 janvier 1917. P.7. Col.4. Disponible à: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12214077/Daily-Telegraph-January-9-1917.html> [Accès: 22 janvier 2017].

Source: Fichier: Joseph Hassler. Wiki Pas-de-Calais. Disponible à l'adresse suivante: <https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=fr&sl=fr&u=http://www.wikipasdecalais.fr/index.php%3Ftitle%3DJoseph_Hassler&prev=search
Joseph Hassler> [consulté le 22 janvier 2017]

Source: Fichier: Romani Pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Disponible à l'adresse suivante: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania_during_World_War_I#1917_campaign_and_armistice> [Accès le 22 janvier 2017]

Mann, J., 2016. Il ya 100 ans - Poèmes de Jamie Mann. [Lettre] (communication personnelle, 22 janvier 2017).