Friday, 8 April 2016

Poem ~ Attestation Controversy - Saturday, 8 April 1916 - Sunday, 9 April 1916

Impression of Military Service Act Poster - by Jamie. From an original image that can be seen at: <https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Poster_Military_Service_Act_1916_Attest_Now.jpg> [Accessed: 8 April 2016]

With the need to replace losses,
A voluntary system had proved
Not to be enough - on the back
Of Derby Scheme, autumn 1915,
Compulsory service act by 1916,
Was introduced.

A Derby scheme had set goals,
To give men chance to enlist
Voluntarily, for a future date -
Assigned to Class B reserve -
Awarded a days wages with
A khaki armband.

Such enlisted, or attested men,
Would be called on when later
Required - the Derby scheme
A recruitment stepping-stone,
To compulsory service would
End December 1915.

A parliamentary report had,
By 20 December, included
Numbers who attested, that
Reached 2,832,210 - being
Men of starred occupations
To total 915,491.

With complete paperwork
Of these men, being known
By attestation papers, to give
Their personal details - with
Compulsory service arrival,
Men might protest.

Tribunals were set to hear
And judge every individual
Case - merits covered under
Seven areas - men recorded
In two ways; non attested
And attested men.

By April 1916, numbers
Of meetings had already
Been held by National
Union of Attested Married
Men. Another gathering was
Held on Tower Hill.

Although there was no
Evidence for attested
Married men set to evade
Their voluntary promise,
The meeting 5 April 1916
Saw crowds jeers.

With three speakers taking
To the stage, only one man
Had attested - during the
Meetings course, one man
Confessed that he had not
Attested, from advice.

A relative, who was an officer,
Suggested he should not
Take that step - the crowd
Retorted - was this his advice
To married men? His reply
Was for conscription.

One speaker challenged
A youth in crowd, to stand
And explain why he did
Not wear khaki - the crowd
Taunted youth's hesitation,
To push him forward.

Reacting to the mass, the
Youth held up his papers
To show how four times
That he had been rejected
And finally accepted; only
Two days before.

Fired up, this Irish youth
Refused to get down, to state
How this speaker, over nine
Months, had at Tower Hill
Attacked the government;
'Liar Liar!'

The speaker replied to his
Words 'no I'm not.' as crowd
Demanded fair play - with
His speaking, the Irish youth
Told how that speaker was
Anti government.

First, to be against questions
Over cotton - then the anti
German campaign and being
Against liqueur restrictions -
He addressed the speaker
With a raised voice.

'Now you are telling attested
Married men not to go,' saw
Reactions by people's cheers -
Amused by speaker's protests
The crowd and meeting finally,
Slowly dispersed.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1916. Married Men's Agitation - An Unrehearsed Incident. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 6 April 1916. P.7. Col.5. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12206739/Daily-Telegraph-April-5-1916.html>  [Accessed: 8 April 2016].

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 8 April 2016). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1London

Tuesday, 5 April 2016

Poem ~ The Craters Of St Eloi - Wednesday, 5 April 1916 - Friday, 7 April 1916

 Impression sketch of crater at St Eloi - by Jamie. From an original image that can be seen at: <http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/forums/ViewPost.aspx?ForumID=56&ID=30517> [Accessed: 5 April 2016]

i
From days of early Flanders
The persona of Saint Eligius,
Had set on his task to convert
Pagans to Christianity religion,
With his twenty year mission -
His name dedicated to St Eloi
a village in a Flemish province.

Within a twentieth century
Mission, that same ground
Of St Eloi saw transformation
To total war, with sustained
Battles -1915 saw burrowed
Exchanges underground,
With tunneller's drafted in.

By subterranean methods,
A renewed struggle began
With six large mines, created
Beneath the German lines -
The decided plan for British
Intensions to move forward,
To capture destroyed lines.

Canadians afterwards would
Follow forwards, to secure
Captured systems - prior
To zero hour Germans had
control of ground; the land
Already battered, had mines
Prepared by sapper teams.

Into 87th leap year day
The 27th March at 4.15 a.m.
Awoke with tremendous
Gunfire - one followed by
Another of six mines, whose
Sound carried through air;
Heard on English shores.

Every man felt the earth
Shuddering, as volcanoe
Plumes of yellow smoke
Lifted skywards - debris
Rained upon pockmarked
Earth - six huge craters had
Formed in no mans land.

Amid the British forces
Lifting from sodden soil -
Khaki against blighted
Earth - Brodie clad heads
Over hunched shoulders
Came Northumberland
London's Royal Fusiliers.

With one Northumberland
Officer ready to provide
His regiment's story to
The Scotsman - the fight
the best organised to date,
Became known by name
Of Battle of St Eloi Craters.

The tunnelling companies
Had carried out operations
So secretly, the German
Presence had not guessed
What was about to happen -
A lull had till then, lasted
Across area for two days. 

A quagmire of peace could
Be seen for anyone, who
By chance could have stood
on ground, would have never
Been aware of two armies
in opposition, concealed;
Odd sniper fire interrupted.

ii
A dull drizzling morning
With possibility of heavy
Showers was observed,
Just before the ground rent
Heavenwards - the young
Officer relayed the problem
Of Northumberland’s role.

manoeuvres were acted out
Oddly, like a game - to enter
The maze of wire covering
The slope before German
Positions - slowly working 
To a pocket sized parapet,
That escaped the explosion.

A German machine gunner
Propped up on a parapet,
As they set foot among
The wire, to offer selves
Up as targets - but calmly
They worked through
By an amusing method.

A game spread amid men;
They adopted 'pick a back,'
As soldiers started to carry
Their comrades, who gave
Short reply to enemy fire -
Their aim to pick off any
Visible machine guns.

Within the gritty task,
The men took to amuse
Selves in transformation
To cavalry status - riders to
'Gee up' and chaffing each
Of their 'horse,' to criticise
Points of others mounts.

With the game of horse and
Rider making it through
The wire maze, dismount
Orders brought normality -
Back in role of foot soldiers,
They leapt down into enemy
Trenches, in warning shouts.

Their listeners though were
Just an audience of dead
And dying men - some
Lives lost within their sleep -
They came to a dug out,
Where a sentry stood
Upright, as on alert guard.

They yelled at the figure
To surrender - but he
Gave no answer - a man
With bayonet raised,
Rushed towards him -
Only to recoil in horror;
The sentry was dead.

Still on guard in death,
Looked on by those who
Would see him dead again.
With eyes described in
A look of 'the other world' -
With life severed in duty,
He was left at his post.

Moving further inwards,
Others were dazed from
An earthquake broken sleep,
Crouched or seated in pain
Of ignorance of the event -
Shocked to see strangers,
As a man in a dugout spoke.

'My God the English!' he
Found no escape, to be
Taken away with others
As prisoners - between
Them, arguing as to how
The invaders came - to
Land in massed airships?

iii
Some others suggested
They had burrowed
Up as moles - they could
Not fathom they had
Made their way across
Land of no man, that
Had been under guard.

A battle of St Eloi craters
Had begun with success -
The shattering sounds
Heard back in England,
With swarms of British
King's prisoners en mass;
Canadians made a start.

While spring had retained
Winter's wet conditions
Within the Belgium soil,
The rapid divisions arrival of
2nd Canadians in their first
Major engagement, brought
There without preparation.

Out of bitter, muddy earth
The British found success,
In hand-to-hand combat -
To win third German line -
While confusion lay amid
Enemy; mines irreparably
Altering their landscape.

Those great craters had
Been exploded, to create
A vast space over 180
Feet across and depth
Of 49 feet - with sleet
And wind, water began
To create glutinous mud.

For seven terrible days
Conditions took their toll,
With hundreds killed amid
Fighting chaos - exhausted
British gained relief from
Eager Canadian's 4 March
Arrival, in Belgium’s St Eloi.

Without blindfolds Canadians
Still had only a blinkered  
Idea of their situation and
German presence - by dates
Of 4 and 5 March, constant
Bombardment hampered
Efforts to improve defences.

With more deaths every
Minute, the 2nd Canadian
Pioneer Battalion tried
To drain their trenches -
The sight was a challenge
To the stomach of any man,
Upon the sight of that land.

'We were walking on
Dead soldiers,' Frank
 Mahout later wrote to his
Wife at home in Canada.
All about men attempted
To bandage wounds
As shells still fell around.

Soldier Private Fraser,
A Calgary bank clerk, gave
The scene at daybreak;
To see body parts protruded
Everywhere in the mud,
Marking out the yards - while
30 dead floated in crater.

Odd sights were captured
By moments of shock;
The German sentry corpse
Still on guard, or a tall, slim
English lieutenant who lay
Quite dead - his boyish face
Wearing a peaceful look.

Under nightshift fighters,
6 April at hour 3.30 a.m.
The ruins of St Eloi saw
German battalions attack,
Along the Canadian held
Main road - communication
Losses led to their retreat.

Another dawn lifted, renewed
German efforts had started
To recapture all grounds
Lost to them from battles
Start - confusion was relayed
By heavy rain, while the fight
For craters was still to end.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1916. The Dead Sentry - The Story of St Eloi. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 5 April 1916. P.12. Col.3. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12206739/Daily-Telegraph-April-5-1916.html>  [Accessed: 5 April 2016].

Source: File: Sint-Elooi. Online. Available at: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sint-Elooi> Accessed 5 April 2016

Source: File: Battle of St. Eloi Craters. Online. Available at: <http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/battle-of-st-eloi-craters/> Accessed 5 April 2016

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 5 April 2016). 


#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1StEloi

Monday, 4 April 2016

Poem ~ Swiss Bombed - Tuesday, 4 April 1916

Impression sketch of Cartoon showing Germans dropping bombs on Porrentruy, Switzerland - by Jamie. From an original image that can be seen at: <http://aetdebesancon.blog.lemonde.fr/2016/04/04/cinq-bombes-sur-porrentruy/> [Accessed: 3 April 2016] 

An enforced pressured conversation
Occurred, between Swiss Federal
Council and Imperial German
Government, over an incident.

31 March 1916, German aviators
Dropped a number of bombs
Onto Porrentruy - a village
Of neutral Switzerland.

Extolling apologies, the German
Government gave explanation
That the aviators had totally
Lost their flight bearings.

The German aviators believed
They were still over French
Soil - that Belfort, a border
Town, was directly below.

In fact, Germans were 40 km away,
Flying over Swiss border village
Porrentruy - where five bombs
Caused civilian casualties.

The act had happened with two
German aircrafts over Swiss
Jura - where sub alpine was
A state mountain range.

The situation fell under canton
Of Bern's administration, that
Held a sympathetic union
With the French Swiss.

With close held French ties, this
Prompted solid anti German
Feelings; from the actions
Of five bombs on Swiss.

The incident was then reported
In the Petit Comtois - whose
Reporter quoted locals, as
Saying this was no error.

Whereas the French towns were
Under Curfews, Porrentruy had
No such light restrictions and
Belfort was the larger town.

As a country, Switzerland kept up
Stand of their armed neutrality -
Having arms only in purposes
Of self-protection defence.

Ready for insurgence from any
Other nation, the Swiss army
Manned all borders; against
Spilling over of trench war.

In this incident Government
Of Germany extolled deep
Regret - that the aviators
Would be punished.

Further they prompted suggestion
That some visible demarcation
Of the frontier may be made,
To prevent other repeats.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1916. Bombs On Swiss Town - German Apologies. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 3 April 1916. P.6. Col.1. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12206737/Daily-Telegraph-April-4-1916.html>  [Accessed: 4 April 2016].

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 4 April 2016). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1Switzerland

Sunday, 3 April 2016

Poem ~ Ice Water Trenches - Monday, 3 April 1916

Impression sketch of snow bound trenches, Galicia - by Jamie. From an original image that can be seen at: <http://ww1blog.osborneink.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Galiciai_llsok_egy_foly_homokos_rszn_180120.jpg> [Accessed: 3 April 2016]

Within the bitter fight of a front,
Arrived onslaught of nature's thaw.
Over seven days temperatures
Began to rise to burn wintery ice.

Under water's manifest, across
Galicia and Bukovina, the lower
Ground of trenches became as
Viaducts, to push out Germans.

Driven onto the parapets led to
Result of exposures to Russian
Fire - forcing the enemy back
Down into the flowing, icy waters.

Suggestions came how Germans
Side having nervous prompts -
From possible advance of allies -
Their intentions being to interfere.

Whilst sodden earth inhibited, all
Activities were moved towards
Higher, stable ground - separate
Germans attacks were carried out.

With no unified aim, detached
Forces worked forwards to hinder
The unified Russian preparations -
In the wet, as if in slow motion.

The amounts of melt brought
Disadvantage of using all heavy
Motors, as prisoners groaned
From irregular food supplies.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1916. Russian Army - A Flooded Front. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 3 April 1916. P.6. Col.1. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12206732/Daily-Telegraph-April-3-1916.html>  [Accessed: 3 April 2016].

Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 3 April 2016). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1EasternFront

Friday, 1 April 2016

Poem ~ Verdun: Dead Man's Hill - Saturday, 1 April - Sunday, 2 April 1916

Impression sketch of French soldier killed on battlefield - by Jamie. From an original image that can be seen at: <http://wereldoorlog1418.nl/battleverdun/battleverdun33/morthomme03.jpg> [Accessed: 1 April 2016]

i
Two Forces funnelled into Verdun
By actions of a mincing machine -
Each side pushed one for resistance,
Another for success.

Renewed phase began 6 March - from
The left bank of the Meuse, German
Reserve corps edged from the right
To hit fort Vaux.

The left bank targeted Dead Man Hill,
A valued French artillery look out -
The plan to then aim for Bois Bourrus,
And French artillery.

From awareness of preparing their
Plan, lines of French defence formed
Four divisions - the less experienced
67th division being hit.

With ease the German force crossed
The Meuse, about villages of Brabant
And Champneuville - as aimed artillery
Failed the French.

Their shells sunk harmlessly into swampy
Ground - with failing defences by evening,
Found both Regneville and Forges villages
In German hands.

Hope dipped on day 7 March, as protected
Germans marched about the failing French
Efforts - Dead Man's Hill laid in their sights
To take.

A twist by morning found over confident
Germans lacking consolidation, before
More counter attacks; Bois des Corbeaux
Was French again.

Beaten back into defence, German assault
Against Dead Mans Hill was stopped until
9 March - at Bethincourt the enemy once
More halted.

Renewed forces saw Germans fight -
Despite with their huge losses regain
Bois Des Corbeaux - four days back
And forth.

The grinding down on men raised
Losses - 82,000 Germans versus
89,000 French - until the lines again
Settled down.

Hill 304 maintained French artillery -
Advantages over advance against
Dead Mans Hill - there soldiers fall,
To turn on hill 304.

On the 20th day, main German front
Moved west from villages Malancourt
And Avoncourt - to crush the French
29th division.

In disastrous defeat started rumours;
French traitors to give positions away -
3000 were taken prisoner; totals seen
To be utter disaster.

Under the crushing stalemate of death,
The fight fell to Bois Avoncourt - crossing
Every yard of ground, as heavens poured
Torrents.

Under the deluge earth turned to vile
Mud; where gunnery sunk - wounded
Drowned in dirt, as the living were
Sucked down.

Fatigue created desperation; as thirst
Forced risks by Dead Mans Hill, where
A soldier drank between green slime
Of a pond.

Within the depths a body floated, face
Down and bloated, as if he had been
Swallowing those waters for many
Days.

ii
From France came a communiqué
Telling of a quiet night East of Meuse,
While west of the river saw a very
Different matter.

During nightime hours the Germans
Made numbers of attacks en masse;
Malancourt came under their severe
Bombardment.

Three sides of the village fell under
Siege - a situation that had been held 
By French advance battalion numbers,
To last all night.

With French controlling all the exits
To the village, the troops evacuated
The ruins of Malancourt - marking 
Actions about Verdun.

The fury of fighting became divided into
Two distinct parts - close to Malancourt
Was German gain of Avoncout wood;
The date March 20.

In order to break the French presence,
The Invaders sprayed liquid fire - after
Hand to hand confrontations, the French
Returned.

Days led to day March 29; the enemy
Suffered with their counter attacks,
From French artillery in combination
With machine guns.

Their aim was the Avoncourt redoubt -
What taken ground was gained to be
Abandoned with masses of their dead,
Before entrenched French.

The German presence again evolved
To Hill 304; in determined tactics each
Side weary gave surrender, or remained
Insubordinate in trenches.

by Jamie Mann.

Anon.,1916. More Fighting Near Verdun - Village Captured. The Daily Telegraph, [online] 1 April 1916. P.9. Col.1. Available at: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ww1-archive/12206729/Daily-Telegraph-April-1-1916.html>  [Accessed: 1 April 2016].


Mann, J., 2016. 100 years Ago - Poems by Jamie Mann. [letter] (Personal communication, 1 April 2016). 



#WW1 #WW1centenary #GreatWar #WW1poem #GreatWar #WW1centenary #worldwarone #worldwaroneremembered #WW1Verdun